Signal Reception: The LNB receives high-frequency microwave signals collected by the satellite dish (parabolic reflector). These signals are typically in the Ku-band (10.7-12.75 GHz) or C-band (3.7-4.2 GHz) frequency ranges.

Low Noise Amplification: The received signals can be very weak, so the LNB uses low-noise amplifiers to boost these signals. These amplifiers increase the signals while preserving the signal-to-noise ratio.

Frequency Conversion: The amplified signals are then downconverted. This process converts the high-frequency signals to lower frequency IF (Intermediate Frequency) signals. This frequency conversion is achieved by the LNB's built-in microwave mixer and local oscillator (LO).

Output Signal: The converted intermediate frequency signal (usually in the 950-2150 MHz range) is sent to the satellite receiver via a coaxial cable. This signal is processed by the satellite receiver and displayed as video or data on the user's device.